配置 GitHub Codespaces 初始环境
我想在 Codespace 里用 ohmyzsh，于是在 GitHub 寻找办法。我真的找到一个，但是直接拿过来用不了，初始化环境时很多错误。经过我多次修改能够使用了，预装了 ohmyzsh 和 nvm，如果你想尝试可以使用我的新仓库模板 tianheg/new-repo-template。
文件结构：
.devcontainer
-->devcontainer.json
-->Dockerfile
-->setup.sh
devcontainer.json:
{
"name": "Codespaces Basic Starter",
"extensions": [
"eamodio.gitlens",
"deibit.devdocs",
"knisterpeter.vscode-github",
"github.copilot",
"oderwat.indent-rainbow",
"yzhang.markdown-all-in-one",
"davidanson.vscode-markdownlint",
"christian-kohler.path-intellisense",
"alefragnani.project-manager",
"tds.taptap-vscode-theme",
"octref.vetur",
"vscode-icons-team.vscode-icons",
"wakatime.vscode-wakatime",
"guoruibiao.wordcount",
"formulahendry.code-runner",
"dbaeumer.vscode-eslint",
"github.vscode-pull-request-github",
"budparr.language-hugo-vscode",
"ritwickdey.liveserver",
"eg2.vscode-npm-script",
"xlthu.pangu-markdown",
"esbenp.prettier-vscode",
"ms-python.python",
"stylelint.vscode-stylelint"
],
"dockerFile": "Dockerfile",
"settings": {
"terminal.integrated.defaultProfile.linux": "zsh"
}
}
Dockerfile:
FROM ubuntu:20.04
WORKDIR /home/
COPY . .
ENV SHELL /bin/zsh
RUN sh ./setup.sh
RUN echo 'export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"' >> "$HOME/.zshrc"
RUN echo '\n' >> "$HOME/.zshrc"
RUN echo '[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm' >> "$HOME/.zshrc"
setup.sh:
1 ## update and install some things we should probably have
2 apt-get update
3 apt-get install -y \
4 curl \
5 git \
6 jq \
7 sudo \
8 zsh \
9 autojump
10
11 ## install nvm
12 curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.38.0/install.sh | bash
13
14 ## install oh-my-zsh
15 sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
16 git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting # install on /root/
17 git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions # install on /root/
18 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tianheg/config/main/shell/nodeys.zsh-theme --output ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes/nodeys.zsh-theme
19 export USERNAME=codespace
20 mkdir /home/$USERNAME
21 cp -R /root/.oh-my-zsh /home/$USERNAME
22 cp /root/.zshrc /home/$USERNAME
23 sed -i -e "s/\/root\/.oh-my-zsh/\/home\/$USERNAME\/.oh-my-zsh/g" /home/$USERNAME/.zshrc # select "/root/.oh-my-zsh", replace it with "/home/$USERNAME/.oh-my-zsh"
24 chown -R $USER_UID:$USER_GID /home/$USERNAME/.oh-my-zsh /home/$USERNAME/.zshrc
25 curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/tianheg/config/main/shell/zshrc_codespace --output ~/.zshrc
26 sed -i "/# for examples/aif\ test -t l; then\nexec zsh\nfi" ~/.bashrc上面的代码已经改过多次。每次修改要重新 Rebuild，要花费小 5 分钟时间。如果碰到网络不好的情况，Rebuild 就会失败。
一点一点解决这些小问题也是蛮有意思的。有的是文件夹不存在，有的是文件路径不对，有的是缺少软件，解决的时候不免急躁，因为总是不对，总是报错，很打击我的积极心。但是，在每次出错，我都耐着性子，根据错误日志定位错误，寻找解决办法。在这个过程中，接触了以前没接触的内容：
Dockerfile的命令规则- 练习使用 Linux 指令
sed
也归纳了我的旧知识：
现在安装 Node.js, npm, yarn 只需要安装 nvm 即可。如上述文件中的命令那样，我已经预装了 nvm，安装 Node.js, npm, yarn 只需要以下命令：
1 nvm install --lts # install Node.js, npm
2 npm install -g yarn # install yarn两个命令的顺序不能颠倒，因为第一个命令安装的 npm 是第二个命令能够执行的必要条件。
1 sed -i "/# for examples/aif\ test -t l; then\nexec zsh\nfi"上面这个命令是为了改变终端 Shell 的，Ubuntu 20.04 的默认 Shell 是
bash，我想用 zsh，于是需要在 .bashrc 的开头添加如下字样：
1 if test -t l; then
2 exec zsh
3 firef: