Nginx 初次使用

下载

我使用 Arch Linux

sudo pacman -S nginx

初学者指南

http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html

介绍 + 一些简单操作：

打开关闭 Nginx
重新加载配置
解释配置文件的结构
设置 Nginx 为静态内容提供服务
将 Nginx 配置为代理服务器（Nginx 本身是代理服务器还是安装并配置好 Nginx 的计算机是代理服务器）
将它与 FastCGI 应用程序连接

打开关闭 Nginx，重新加载配置

sudo nginx # start
sudo nginx stop # fast shutdown
sudo nginx quit # graceful shutdown

# if modify the configuration file, need reload nginx
sudo nginx -s reload # reload

# list all running nginx processes
ps -ax | grep nginx

配置文件的结构

name {
  key: value;
  # comment
}

设置 Nginx 为静态内容提供服务

# edit /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
http {
  server {
    location / {
      root /usr/share/nginx/html;
      index index.html index.htm;
    }
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
  }
}

将 Nginx 配置为代理服务器

将它与 FastCGI 应用程序连接

server {
  location / {
    fastcgi_pass  localhost:9000;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING    $query_string;
  }

  location ~ \.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
    root /data/images;
  }
}

使用中的报错

could not build optimal types_hash

sudo nginx
2021/09/19 08:55:04 [warn] 33400#33400: could not build optimal types_hash, you should increase either types_hash_max_size: 1024 or types_hash_bucket_size: 64; ignoring types_hash_bucket_size

Solution:

# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
http {
  types_hash_max_size 4096;
}

Address already in use

[emerg] 34338#34338: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)

Solution:

sudo pkill -f nginx & wait $!
sudo systemctl start nginx

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/nginx#Configuration_example

https://stackoverflow.com/a/51664874