Tianhe Gao

Nginx 初次使用

下载

我使用 Arch Linux

1sudo pacman -S nginx

初学者指南

http://nginx.org/en/docs/beginners_guide.html

介绍 + 一些简单操作：

  • 打开关闭 Nginx
  • 重新加载配置
  • 解释配置文件的结构
  • 设置 Nginx 为静态内容提供服务
  • 将 Nginx 配置为代理服务器（Nginx 本身是代理服务器还是安装并配置好 Nginx 的计算机是代理服务器）
  • 将它与 FastCGI 应用程序连接

打开关闭 Nginx，重新加载配置

1sudo nginx # start
2sudo nginx stop # fast shutdown
3sudo nginx quit # graceful shutdown
4
5# if modify the configuration file, need reload nginx
6sudo nginx -s reload # reload
7
8# list all running nginx processes
9ps -ax | grep nginx

配置文件的结构

1name {
2  key: value;
3  # comment
4}

设置 Nginx 为静态内容提供服务

 1# edit /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
 2http {
 3  server {
 4    location / {
 5      root /usr/share/nginx/html;
 6      index index.html index.htm;
 7    }
 8    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
 9    location = /50x.html {
10      root /usr/share/nginx/html;
11    }
12  }
13}

将 Nginx 配置为代理服务器

将它与 FastCGI 应用程序连接

 1server {
 2  location / {
 3    fastcgi_pass  localhost:9000;
 4    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
 5    fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING    $query_string;
 6  }
 7
 8  location ~ \.(gif|jpg|png)$ {
 9    root /data/images;
10  }
11}

使用中的报错

could not build optimal types_hash

1sudo nginx
22021/09/19 08:55:04 [warn] 33400#33400: could not build optimal types_hash, you should increase either types_hash_max_size: 1024 or types_hash_bucket_size: 64; ignoring types_hash_bucket_size

Solution:

1# /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
2http {
3  types_hash_max_size 4096;
4}

Address already in use

1[emerg] 34338#34338: bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)

Solution:

1sudo pkill -f nginx & wait $!
2sudo systemctl start nginx

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/nginx#Configuration_example

https://stackoverflow.com/a/51664874

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